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Deorukhkar and Agrawal: Peripartum Cardiomyopathy2 MOGS Chronicles | Volume 1 | Issue 1 | September 2024with 2 liters of oxygen, and showed good urine output. By day 4, her condition had stabilized, allowing her transfer from the ICU to the ward. She was discharged on day 7.DiscussionThis case highlights the critical challenges associated with diagnosing and managing PPCM. Symptoms such as edema and dyspnea in the peripartum period can easily be mistaken for normal pregnancy- related changes or other common conditions like pulmonary embolism and eclampsia.[3] As a result, PPCM can often go unrecognized until it reaches a severe stage, as was seen in this case.The diagnosis of PPCM is particularly challenging due to its symptom overlap with other conditions, which can delay intervention and worsen outcomes.[4] Early recognition and prompt treatment are essential in mitigating the severe consequences associated with this condition. The patient%u2019s severe presentation, characterized by significant left ventricular dysfunction and subsequent renal failure, underscores the importance of a high index of suspicion and the need for a thorough evaluation in any case of unexplained cardiac symptoms during or after pregnancy.[5]ConclusionPPCM remains a rare but serious condition with a potentially devastating impact if not identified and managed promptly. The case presented illustrates the importance of distinguishing PPCM from other common peripartum complications and underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach to manage such complex cases effectively. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are critical to improving outcomes and reducing morbidity associated with this condition.DeclarationConflict of interestNone.DisclosureNone.Informed consentInformed consent Informed consent was taken from the patient.References1. Agarwal R, Baid R, Sinha D. Peripartum cardiomyopathy in Indian population: A pooled analysis. J Clin Prev Cardiol 2021;10:54-7.2. Regitz-Zagrosek V, Roos-Hesselink JW, Bauersachs J, BlomstromLundqvist C, Cifkova R, Bonis MD, et al. 2018 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy. Eur Heart J 2018;39:3165-241.3. Mubarik A, Chippa V, Iqbal AM. Postpartum Cardiomyopathy. 2023 Aug 8. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearlsPublishing; 2024 Jan%u2013. PMID: 30521191.4. Quevedo S, Bekele C, Thompson PD, Philkhana M, Virani S, Consuegra A, Douglass P, Gertz AM. Peripartum cardiomyopathy and HELLP syndrome in a previously healthy multiparous woman: A case report. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2020 Dec 21;8:2050313X20979288. doi: 10.1177/2050313X20979288. PMID: 33425357; PMCID: PMC7758651.5. Wong A, Olusanya O, Watchorn J, Bramham K, Hutchings S. Utility of the venous excess ultrasound (VEXUS) score to track dynamic change in volume status in patients undergoing fluid removal during haemodialysis - the ACUVEX study. Ultrasound J 2024;16:23.%u00a9 The Author(s). 2024 Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and non-commercial reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/ zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.Figure 2: 2D echoEditor%u2019s NotePeripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare and often overlooked condition affecting postpartum women, characterized by heart failure symptoms occurring toward the end of pregnancy or within the months following delivery. It can be misdiagnosed to be normal pregnancy changes or other common conditions like pulmonary embolism and eclampsia. Recognizing the signs and keeping a high index of suspicion regarding this condition is important. This case report of a 26-year primigravida with APH and preterm delivery at 27 weeks, presented with severe dyspnea on day 1 postpartum. This case sheds light on the challenges of early diagnosis and management of PPCM. Prompt intervention with intensive care unit admission and close collaboration between obstetricians, cardiologists, and intensive care specialist remains the mainstay of management. PPCM is usually diagnosed with an echocardiogram. Treatment for PPCM focuses on improving heart failure symptoms. Women with history of PPCM should be closely monitored during subsequent pregnancies, with serial clinical assessments, echocardiograms, and B-type natriuretic peptide levels.They should also be offered contraception as soon as possible. Long-acting reversible contraception would be the contraceptive of choice in such cases.How to cite this article: Deorukhkar G, Agrawal N. Peripartum Cardiomyopathy %u2013 A Conundrum. MOGS Chronicles 2024;1(1):1-2.